An ingrown toenail, medically known as onychocryptosis, develops when the edge of the nail grows into the surrounding skin. This condition most often affects the big toe and can lead to pain, inflammation, and infection if not treated. It develops when the nail plate presses into the soft tissue, causing irritation and a break in the skin barrier. This can allow bacteria to enter, increasing the risk of infection. Understanding the types and causes of ingrown toenails is important for early recognition and proper care.

There are three main types of ingrown toenails based on the location of the nail growth. The lateral type is the most common and occurs when the side edge of the nail grows into the adjacent skin. The distal type develops at the front edge of the nail, where it presses downward into the skin. The proximal type is less common and involves the base of the nail growing into the surrounding tissue near the cuticle. 

Symptoms of ingrown toenails include redness, swelling, tenderness, and pain along the affected nail edge. As the condition progresses, the area may become warm and produce drainage or pus, indicating infection. Walking and wearing shoes may become uncomfortable due to pressure on the toe. Risk factors include improper nail trimming, wearing tight or narrow footwear, and repetitive trauma from physical activity. Naturally curved nails may also be a factor. Individuals with conditions such as diabetes may face increased complications due to slower healing and reduced sensation.

The causes of ingrown toenails are often related to both mechanical pressure and personal habits. Repeated stress from walking or running may also contribute. Early care and prevention strategies can reduce the likelihood of recurrence and improve comfort. If you have an ingrown toenail, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can effectively treat this condition, which may include minor surgery.

Ingrown toenails can become painful if they are not treated properly. For more information about ingrown toenails, contact one of our doctors of Apache Foot & Ankle Specialists. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Ingrown Toenails

Ingrown toenails occur when a toenail grows sideways into the bed of the nail, causing pain, swelling, and possibly infection.

Causes

• Bacterial infections
• Improper nail cutting such as cutting it too short or not straight across
• Trauma to the toe, such as stubbing, which causes the nail to grow back irregularly
• Ill-fitting shoes that bunch the toes too close together
• Genetic predisposition

Prevention

Wearing proper fitting shoes and using proper cutting techniques will also help decrease your risk of developing ingrown toenails.

Treatment

Ingrown toenails are a very treatable foot condition. In minor cases, soaking the affected area in salt or antibacterial soaps will not only help with the ingrown nail itself, but also help prevent any infections from occurring. In more severe cases, surgery is an option. In either case, speaking to your podiatrist about this condition will help you get a better understanding of specific treatment options that are right for you.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Las Vegas, NV . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Falls in elderly adults are a leading cause of injury and can significantly affect independence and quality of life. A fall is defined as an unintentional loss of balance that results in landing on the ground. Common causes include poor vision, medication side effects, home safety hazards, and lack of physical activity. These factors can interfere with balance, coordination, and awareness, increasing the likelihood of a fall. Understanding these causes helps individuals and caregivers take steps to improve safety.

Symptoms that may signal a higher risk of falling include unsteady walking, dizziness, slow reaction time, and muscle weakness. Poor vision can make it difficult to detect obstacles, while certain medications may cause drowsiness or reduced alertness. Risk factors also include chronic health conditions, reduced flexibility, and limited strength. When these issues combine, they can make daily movements more challenging and increase the chance of losing balance.

Falls can result in several foot and ankle conditions, including sprains, fractures, bruising, and joint injuries. These conditions may cause pain, swelling, and difficulty walking, which can limit mobility and slow recovery. Home safety hazards such as loose rugs, poor lighting, and cluttered pathways can increase the risk of these injuries. Preventive measures include improving home safety, staying physically active, and addressing vision concerns. Regular exercise can help build strength and improve balance, which supports safer movement.

Reducing fall risk requires awareness, preparation, and consistent habits. Making simple changes at home and focusing on physical health can help prevent injuries and maintain independence. Understanding symptoms and risk factors allows for early action and better outcomes. If you have foot or ankle pain from falling, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for effective treatment solutions and additional guidance on fall prevention strategies.

Preventing falls among the elderly is very important. If you are older and have fallen or fear that you are prone to falling, consult with one of our doctors from Apache Foot & Ankle Specialists. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality advice and care.

Every 11 seconds, an elderly American is being treated in an emergency room for a fall related injury. Falls are the leading cause of head and hip injuries for those 65 and older. Due to decreases in strength, balance, senses, and lack of awareness, elderly persons are very susceptible to falling. Thankfully, there are a number of things older persons can do to prevent falls.

How to Prevent Falls

Some effective methods that older persons can do to prevent falls include:

• Enrolling in strength and balance exercise program to increase balance and strength
• Periodically having your sight and hearing checked
• Discuss any medications you have with a doctor to see if it increases the risk of falling
• Clearing the house of falling hazards and installing devices like grab bars and railings
• Utilizing a walker or cane
• Wearing shoes that provide good support and cushioning
• Talking to family members about falling and increasing awareness

Falling can be a traumatic and embarrassing experience for elderly persons; this can make them less willing to leave the house, and less willing to talk to someone about their fears of falling. Doing such things, however, will increase the likelihood of tripping or losing one’s balance. Knowing the causes of falling and how to prevent them is the best way to mitigate the risk of serious injury.  

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Las Vegas, NV . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Swelling of the feet develops when excess fluid collects in the tissues, making the feet look larger and feel tight or uncomfortable. This condition can affect one foot or both feet, depending on the cause. Swelling sometimes follows an injury, but it can also result from standing or sitting for long periods, pregnancy, certain medicines, or medical conditions affecting circulation. Symptoms include puffiness, tight skin, aching, and difficulty fitting into shoes comfortably. Some people also notice stiffness or reduced movement in the feet and ankles. Persistent swelling deserves careful evaluation because it can signal an underlying problem that requires prompt attention. Identifying the cause is the first step toward choosing the most appropriate treatment. The pattern and timing of swelling also provide valuable clues about the underlying condition.

A podiatrist carefully evaluates the feet, ankles, walking pattern, and overall foot function to determine what is contributing to the swelling. The examination also checks for changes in skin condition, joint movement, and areas of tenderness. Treatment includes footwear recommendations, custom orthotics when appropriate, and care for conditions affecting the feet or ankles. A podiatrist can also identify whether swelling is related to abnormal foot mechanics or pressure. Improving foot function can reduce unnecessary stress on the joints and supporting tissues while walking. Regular evaluations help monitor changes in swelling and support healthier movement throughout daily activities.

Swelling of the feet should never be ignored when it develops suddenly, becomes severe, or occurs with pain, redness, or difficulty breathing because these symptoms can indicate a serious condition requiring immediate attention. Pregnancy, hot weather, and prolonged inactivity can also contribute to swelling, but persistent symptoms still deserve evaluation. Early podiatry care helps identify foot-related causes, improve comfort, and support better mobility. If you have symptoms of swelling of the feet, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for diagnosis and treatment.

Swollen feet can be a sign of an underlying condition. If you have any concerns, contact one of our doctors of Apache Foot & Ankle Specialists. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Swollen feet are a common ailment among pregnant women and people who stand or sit for extended periods. Aging may increase the possibility of swollen feet and patients who are obese often notice when their feet are swelling too. There may be medical reasons why swollen feet occur:

• Phlebitis - A condition that causes the veins to become inflamed and can also cause leg pain.
• Liver disease - This may lead to low blood levels of albumin which is a protein. This can cause fluid in the blood to pass into the tissues and several areas of the body can become swollen.
• Heart failure - When the heart doesn’t pump properly the blood that is normally pumped back to the heart can pool in the veins of the legs causing swollen feet.
• Kidney disease - One of the main functions of the kidneys is releasing excess fluid in the body. This type of condition can make it difficult for the kidneys to function properly, and as a result the feet may become swollen.
• Deep-vein thrombosis (DVT)- This is a serious condition where blood clots form in the veins of the legs. They can block the return of blood from the legs to the heart which may cause the feet to swell. It is important to be treated by a podiatrist if this condition is present.

Swollen feet can also be caused by bone and tendon conditions, including fractures, arthritis, and tendinitis. Additionally, there may be skin and toenail conditions and an infection may cause the feet to swell. Patients who take medicine to treat high blood pressure may be prone to getting swollen feet. 

Many patients elevate their feet to help relieve the swelling and this is generally a temporary remedy. When a podiatrist is consulted the reason behind the swelling can be uncovered and subsequently treated.

If you have any questions please contact our office located in Las Vegas, NV . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Toenail fungus is a common infection that affects the nail and the skin beneath it. It usually develops slowly, allowing the fungus to spread if left untreated. The infection often begins at the edge of the nail before moving deeper into the nail plate. As it progresses, the toenail may become thicker and more brittle or change color. Although any toenail can be affected, the big toenail is involved most often. Toenail fungus is more common in older adults and people with certain medical conditions, but it can develop in anyone. Because other nail disorders may appear similar, a professional evaluation is important to confirm the diagnosis and recommend the most appropriate treatment. Early podiatry care may also help prevent the infection from becoming more difficult to manage.

Symptoms of toenail fungus vary depending on the severity of the infection. Many people notice a nail that becomes yellow, white, or brown. Others experience thickened nails or nails that become rough and difficult to trim. In more advanced cases, the nail may become misshapen or separate from the nail bed, causing discomfort while walking or wearing shoes. The infection may spread to additional toenails if it is not properly treated. Persistent nail changes should not be ignored because they may affect comfort, mobility, and overall foot health. Prompt evaluation can determine whether a fungal infection or another nail condition is responsible for the symptoms.

A podiatrist specializes in diagnosing and treating toenail fungus and other nail conditions. During an examination, the podiatrist evaluates the affected nail and may recommend testing to confirm the cause of the infection. Treatment focuses on eliminating the infection, improving nail health, and reducing the risk of future problems. Ongoing podiatry care also helps monitor nail growth and identify changes that may require additional attention. If you are experiencing thick, discolored, or brittle toenails, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for an evaluation and appropriate treatment options.

If left untreated, toenail fungus may spread to other toenails, skin, or even fingernails. If you suspect you have toenail fungus it is important to seek treatment right away. For more information about treatment, contact one of our doctors of Apache Foot & Ankle Specialists. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Symptoms

• Warped or oddly shaped nails
• Yellowish nails
• Loose/separated nail
• Buildup of bits and pieces of nail fragments under the nail
• Brittle, broken, thickened nail

Treatment

If self-care strategies and over-the-counter medications does not help your fungus, your podiatrist may give you a prescription drug instead. Even if you find relief from your toenail fungus symptoms, you may experience a repeat infection in the future.

Prevention

In order to prevent getting toenail fungus in the future, you should always make sure to wash your feet with soap and water. After washing, it is important to dry your feet thoroughly especially in between the toes. When trimming your toenails, be sure to trim straight across instead of in a rounded shape. It is crucial not to cover up discolored nails with nail polish because that will prevent your nail from being able to “breathe”.

In some cases, surgical procedure may be needed to remove the toenail fungus. Consult with your podiatrist about the best treatment options for your case of toenail fungus.  

If you have any questions please contact our office located in Las Vegas, NV . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.